Internal-combustion engine.



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INTERNAL comauanow ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED. MAY}, m2. 1,165,135. v Patented Dec. 21, 1915.

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F. A. SEITZ.

INTERNAL comsusnow' ENGINE.

APPLICATION HL'ED MAY 1, I912.

Patented Dec. 21, 19 1.

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INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

To all whom it'may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK SEITZ,

citizen, of'the United, States, residing at has for its object more particularly to pro vide a .simple, eiiicient and reliable engine by means of which a higher efficiency, and

and firing periods, and then automatically reduced during the exhaust period.

a greater degree of perfection in operati n may be obtained. I

Further said inventlon has for its ob ect to provide anengine'in which the cubical area of thecompression chamber may be automatically increased during the compres- 20 i I sion and firing period.

Further said invention has for its object to provide an .engine in which the space between the inner end of the piston and the end of the cylinder adjacent thereto may be reduced to the. smallest extent possible in order to insure the more efi'ectual discharge of the burnt gases from the cylinder after each explosion.

' Further said invention has for its object to provide an engine in which the cubical area of the cylinder may be automatically increased during the intake, compressionv Further said invention has for its object to provide an engine inwhichthe means for changing the-cubical area of'the cylinder, and also the valve means controlling the intake and exhaust ports may be positively and regularly operated.-

To the attainment of the aforesaid objects and ends my invention consists in the novel details of construction, and in the combination, connection and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of the specificatlon wherein likenumerals of reference indicate like parts, Figure 1, is aside view, partly broken away, and in section showing one form of engine constructed according to, and embodying my said invention: Fig. 2, isan end view partly in section on the line 22 of Fig. 1, looking 'in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 3, is an enlarged detail vertical section taken on the Specification of Letters Patent. Pafggntgd Deg 21, 1915 Application filed May 1, 1912. Serial No. 694,427.

line 33 of Fig. 6, showing the upper portion of the cylinder and the position of the valves and thepiston at'the beginning of the compression stroke; Fig. 4c, is a similar view showing the position of the same parts at about the completion of the exhaust movement of the piston, and just before the exhaust valve is closed; Fig. 5, is a further view showing the position of the same parts with the piston having moved outward about half way during the suction or intake stroke; Fig. dis a' detail top view of the cylinder showing the relative position of the valve operating means, and Fig. 7 is a detail central, vertical section showing the construction of the exhaust valve casing.

In said drawings the engine is shown composed of a cylinder 1, to the lower end shaft 8 arranged slightly above, andto one 1 side of thecrank shaft 3.

8*, 8 denote bearings provided in the crank case 1 in which are supported the opposite endsof'the shaft 8.

A cam 9 is fixed upon the'shaft 8 within the crank case 1*, adjacent tothe gear 6, and adjacent: to the opposite end of said shaft, but also within the crank case 1, is

fixed a large cam 10, having a cam projection 11 arranged thereon.

At one side of the cylinder 1 is provided a vertical, cylindrical casing 24 within which works the lower end of a tubular rod 15 having its upper end guided in a bearing 15 provided'uponthe,outer side of the cylinder 1 adjacent to the upper end thereof. At theupper end' of said tubular rod 15 is providcd a solid portion 15*, having a small transverse opening 15 therein, and below said opening 15 a second large transverse opening 15", and at the lower end of said tubular rod 15 is mounted a double roller 14 whose ends are adapted to ride upon the cam 10 at each side of the cam projection 11.

The portion of the roller 14 intermediate its ends is of smaller diameter than its ends I I tended to form aso that it may 11 provided cam 10.

,VVithin the tubular'rod 15 is arranged a rod 12 which has its upper and lower ends I guided in openings provided in the upper and lower ends of said tubular rod 15. The upper end of said rod 12 extends into the transverse opening 15 in the head 15 on said tubular rod'15, while the lower end of said rod 12 is adapted to ride upon the portion of the cam intermediate the ends 01' the roller 14, and to be actuated by the cam projection 11 011 the periphery of said cam 10. The upper end of the cylinder 1 is exsecondary cylinder l which communicates normally with theintake port 36 of'the engine. secondary cylinder works a hollow piston which as a whole also acts as avalve at certain periods during the operation of the engine, The hollow piston 35 is provided in'on'e side with an elongated vertical open- .The hollowpiston 35 'outer surface, at its lower end, w th an ening '35 which, is in'constant communication with the intake"port36. r

is provided upon its larged portion having an edge 35", forming a valve adapted to 29 of irs'leeve 29 which is secured in the open upper; end of the secondary cylinder 1 by a nut 32. v

Within the upper end of the hollow piston 35 is secured a socketed cap 30, having a central bearing 30 at its base, in which is dis posed a valve stem 4O having a valve 3.1 secured upon its lower end adapted to seat upon a valve seat'provided in the bottom of the hollow piston l.he ,said valve'31 is maintained normally closed by a spring 43 partly surrounding the bearing 30* and the valve stem 40. The said spring 43 has inclined upper face which is 'itslo'wer end bearing upon the base of the socketed cap 30, and its upper end bearing against a washer 40 restra ned by a pin 40 passing through the "fllVB'SiIQlll 40.

Upon the top ofthe cylinderl is secureda double bifurcated bearing 19 in which is mounted a lever 17, and directly below said lever 17 is mounted a second lever'18. The lower lever 18 has one end extending into the lower transverse opening 15 in the upper end of the tubular rod 15, and engaging the upper end of the rod 12, and its other end engagii'ig the end of the valve stem 40, in the hollow piston 35. The upper lever 17 has one end pivotally secured to the upper end of the hollow valve 35, and its other-end extended into the upper transverse opening 15 provided in-the upper end of the hollow rod 15.

In the upper end'of the cylinder 1, adjoining the secondary cylinder 1 is provided a smaller cylinder 1, within which is Within said.

seat upon the inclined lower end connected to a yoke 28 fitted a cylindrical, water-jacketed valve casing 39. The said valve casing is secured in position within said cylinder 1 by a nut 34. The said valve casing 39 is provided at one. side with an opening 39 communicating with the exhaust port 37 of the engine, and at its base said valve is provided with a valve seat.

9. denotes a central bearing provided in said valve casing 39 through which passes a valve stem 41 carrying a valve '38 at its lower end. The valve 38 is maintained normally closed by a spring 42 arranged upon the stem. 41 intermediate the top of said valve casing and a stop 38 on the valve stem 41.

21 denotes a bearing provided upon the top of the cylinder 1 in which is pivotally mounted a lever 20 having one end connected to the upper end of the exhaust valve stem 41, and its other end connected to the upper end of a rod 23' guided in a bearing 23*, on the crank case 1. The lower end of said rod extends into said crank case, and bears upon the cam 9, fixed upon the shaft 8.

The operation is as .follows: Vith the first downward movement or intake stroke of the main piston 2, the hollow piston 35 will be raised to its upper orretracted position by action of the cam-10, tubular rod 15, and lever 17, (see Fig. 3). During the same time the inlet valve 31 in the hollow piston 35 will be opened by the; action of the cam projection 11 on the cam 10 engag- 111g the rod 12, and actuating the lever 18 and valve stem 40, on sald inlet valve 31, see Fig. 5). The explosive charge is thereupon received through the intake 36, opening 35",. hollow piston 35, and into the cyl-' inder 1. During this period the exhaust valve 38 is maintained closed.

W'ith the'first upward movement or com pression stroke of the piston 2, the cam 10 permits the tubular rod 15 to descend, and the inlet valve 31 in the hollow piston 35 to close under the influence of the spring 43. The hollow piston 35 remains in its upper or retracted position, and the inlet valve 31 remains in its closed position during the next downward movement or exploding stroke of the piston 2 (see Fig. 3). With the next upward movement, or exhaust stroke of the piston 2, the exhaust valve 38 will be opened by the cam 9, raising the rod 23, actuating the lever 20, and depressing the valve stern I -be.,.forced by the hollow piston 35 into the main cylinder, and

thence ejected from the latter by the main I piston 2 throughthe-exhaust valve 38. As

soon as the main piston 2 has completed its exhaust stroke, the cam 9 and related parts will permit the exhaust valve 38 toclose, and

the cams l0 and 11 and their related parts combination with a main cylinder having a reduced portion extended beyond the normal outline thereof and communicating with the intake port, a piston Working in said main cylinder, a piston working in the reduced portion of said cylinder, a valve in the piston of said reduced portion, means for operating the piston in said reduced portion whereby .to vary the cubical area of the compression chamber, and means for operating the valve -in, said piston to control the supply of excombination of a main cylinder and piston workmg therein, a secondary cyllnder com plosive mixture to said cylinder, substanti- 2. In an internalcombustion engine, the

ally-as specified.

municating withthe intakeport, and with said main cylinder, apiston working in said secondary cylinder, a valve arranged in said last-named piston,- means for operatin said valve-to control the admission of exp osive mixture to said main cylinder, and means for retracting said piston in said secondary cylinder during the compression and'firing periods, substantially as specified.

3. In an internal combustion engine,the

combination of a main cylinder and piston working therein, with a secondary cylinder "communicating with the intake and connected to and communicatin-gyvith the closed end-of said main cylinder, apiston working in said secondary cylinder, a valve in said piston, means for opening said valve during the intake period, a means for closing saidvalve' and retracting the piston in saidsecondary .cylinder and maintaining the same in its retracted position durlng the compression and firing periods, and advancing. said piston to close said secondary cylinder during the exhaust period, substantially as specified.

4. In aninternal combustion engine, the combination of a main cylinder and piston working therein, with a secondary cylinder communicating with the closed end of said main cylinder, a hollow piston working in 'said secondary cylinder and communicating with the intake of the engine, a normally closed valve arranged in said hollow piston,

' means for retracting said hollow piston in said secondary cylinder, means for opening the valve in said hollow piston during the intake period, means for maintaining said -hollow piston in its retracted position during the compression and firing periods, and

means for advancing said hollow piston to close said secondary cylinder during-the ex haustnperiod, substantially asspecified.

5. In airinternal combustion engine, the, combination ofa main cylinder andpiston working therein, with a secondary cylinder communicating with said main cylinder, a hollow .piston 'worki-ng in said secondary cylinder--having an opening therein inconstant communication, with the-intakeof the engine, an inlet in said hollow piston, a valve normally sealing, the inlet in said "hollow piston during the compression and firing periods, and means for retracting said "hollow piston and opening the inlet valve therein during the intake period, substantially as'specified. I 7 6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a main cylinder and apiston working therein, with' a secondary cylinder communicating with said main cylinder, a hollow piston working in said secondary cylinderhaving an opening'therein in constant communication with the intake of the engine, an inlet valve in said hollow piston, means'for advancing said hollow piston and closing said valve during the exhaust period, substantially as specified.

7, In an internal combustionengine, the combination of a main cylinder andpiston working therein, with a secondary cylinder communicating with the closed end of said cylinder, a hollow piston working in said secondary cylinder having an opening therein in constant communication with the in-.

take of the engine, a normally closed inlet valve in said hollow piston, a lever connected to said hollow piston, a shaft operatedi'rom the, crank shaft, a cam on said driven shaft, -arod hav1ng one end in engagement with said cam, and its other end in engagement with the'lever connected to said hollow piston, whereby to actuate said hollow piston, a second lever having one end in engagement with the inletvalve in said hollow piston,

and a rod having one end engaging a part of the cam aforesaid, and its other end in its engagement with the-other end of said lastnamed lever, whereby. to actuate said valve, substantially as specified.

8. In an internal combustion engine, thecombination of amain cylinder and piston working therein, with a secondary cylinder communicating with the closed end of said .main cylinder, a hollowpiston workingin said secpndary cylinder having an opening therein in constant communication with the intake of the engine, a normally closed inlet valve in said hollow piston, a lever connected inlet, I

to said hollow piston, a shaft operated from the crank shaft, a cam on said driven shaft, a rod having one end in engagement with said cam, and its other end in engagement with the lever connected to said hollow piston, whereby to actuate said hollow piston, a second lever having one end in engagement with the inlet valve in said hollow piston, a rod having one end engaging a part of the cam aforesaid, and its other end in engagement with the other end of said firstnamed lever, a cylinder also communicating with said main cylinder, a normally closed valve therein, communicating with the exhaust of the engine, a lever for operating said exhaust valve, a rod connected to said lever, and a cam on said driven shaft for actuating said rod, substantially as specified. v

9.111 an integral. combustion engine. the combination of a main cylinder and piston working therein, with a pair of supplemental cylinders communicating with said main cylinder, and one of said supplemental cylinders having an intake port. and the other an exhaust port, a hollow piston in one of said cylinders communicating with the lntake port, a normally closed inlet valve in .Said hollow piston, a valve casing secured in the other of said cylinders and communieating with the exhaustport therein, a normally closedvalve in said casing, a pair of levers pivotally mounted upon theniain cylinder, one of saidlevers being connected to said hollow piston, and the other engaging the inlet valve therein, a hearing mounted on said main cylinder, a lever pivot-ally mount- Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

' Washington, D. G. 

